Relationship between Personality Traits, Creativity, and Self-Actualization among Students of Industrial Design: Role of Gender Differences

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Isfahan Art University

2 Associate Professor of Psychology in Family Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University.

3 Assistant Professor in Visual Arts Faculty at Art university of Isfahan.

Abstract

The main concern of conducting this study is basic needs for awareness of relationships between some fundamental variables within Art education like personality traits, creativity, and self-actualization with regarding gender differences to enhance quality of educational efficiency through the process of relevant policy making and applying efficient methods. After searching many databases around the world, it was not found parallel researches to cover our concerns; as a result, this study is literally a brand new of its kind which has focused on correlations between fundamental variables to enhance our educational understanding. Total Industrial design students of all four academic years from Art University were selected on the basis of nonprobability sampling which include of 49 female students and 43 male students and in total 92 students. Questionnaires which were used in this study included: The Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT) selected as instrument for the measurement of Creativity: Fluency, Flexibility, Originality, and Elaboration; (NEO-FFI) selected as instrument for the measurement of five factors on personality traits: Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness; the measure of actualization of potentials (MAP) was selected to measure Self-actualization: Openness, openness to self, openness to others, openness to others, Self-reference, Compatibility, Autonomy. These three measurements distributed at the end of second semester within classes among all students of four academic years in the field of Industrial design and dedicated 45 minutes to fulfill all questionnaires. Pearson correlation coefficient was used for the purpose of statistical analysis. The current study is seeking to find answer for this question what kind of relationships could be between personality traits with creativity; personality traits with self-actualization; creativity with self-actualization among students of Industrial design and the other also what kind of differences could be between male and female students. Findings show that there are few differences among male and female students therefore the only difference was found within Neuroticism scale in correlation of personality traits with creativity this while Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness could not make relationship with creativity but Openness could make relationship with creativity positively with intensity of strong correlation among both male and female students; the other findings show that Conscientiousness scale in the relationship between personality traits with Self-actualization is the only significant correlation with intensity of moderate among female students. Also, there was not found any differences among male and female students in correlation of Creativity with Self-actualization because both male and female students acquired the same scores very similar to each other but very little difference due to intensity of correlation which it is moderate among male students and strong among female students. After finding correlations between variables and detecting possible differences among male and female students, something that seems to be very important and vital for next studies attributed to adaptation of statistical outcomes with their visual architectural equivalents, probable stage model creativity, and ontological approaches for the better perception of relationship between quantitative and qualitative data.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Fine Arts: Visual Arts
Volume 22, Issue 4
January 2018
Pages 115-124

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