A Comparative Study of Role and Color in Qajar Orsi Window of Ardabil Tabriz

Orsi windows are one of the most important and main decorative components in Qajar historical buildings. Based on the surviving works, it can be said that they had a diverse and influential presence in Iranian Islamic architecture from the Safavid period to the early Pahlavi period, that is, before the widespread use of metal in construction. Due to this issue, as well as for climatic reasons, we are witnessing various indigenous architectural styles in the country. It is assumed that the orsi in each area, despite a single function, have different characteristics in design, role and dimensions. But what has made the writers focus on this is the differences in their decorations. That is, their differences can be studied in the form of (patterns, colors) and (technique, decoration). Based on this, the research questions can be asked in such a way that, what similarities or differences from the mentioned point of view, there are in the orsi of Ardabil and Tabriz? And that in the historical course of the Qajar period, what changes have the orsi of the two cities? For this purpose, an attempt has been made to study and match the patterns and colors (as the main components under study) along with the techniques and decorations (sub-components) of the orsi of these two cities. The purpose of this study, in addition to examining the trend of changes in the mentioned components in the orsi from the beginning to the end of the Qajar period, is to identify common and different patterns of orsi of historic houses in Ardabil and Tabriz. Therefore, it is possible to get more and better knowledge about this art-industry in the Qajar period. On the other hand, considering the issue of identity building in contemporary architecture, the need to review such works in order to use them in modern architecture seems necessary. In this research, in addition to field surveys, the preparation of materials has been a library study that has been organized by descriptive-analytical and comparative methods. The present study showed that the patterns and colors in the orsi of the middle Qajar period compared to the two periods before and after it, in both cities in terms of frequency and variety, have a more desirable and better quality.