Investigating the influencing factors on the fluency of printing typefaces based on the reader's habit

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Senior expert, Department of Visual Communication, Faculty of Visual Arts, Fine Arts Campus, University of Tehran.

2 Faculty Member of Architecture Department, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.

Abstract

The subject of this research is to investigate the factors affecting the readability of a font based on the taste and habit of the audience in print publications. Typefaces are practical media that play an effective role in human growth and awareness because their main purpose is to express and convey messages in the fastest and most legible way. Awareness and understanding of the text happen when the audience interacts with the text. This means that in this process, the audience first reads the text, his mind automatically starts to decode the letters and finally stores them in the short-term memory. Prolonging this process will take a lot of energy from the reader, and as a result, he will not continue reading. Therefore, using the optimal font can play an important role in people's awareness.
Today, awareness about designing typefaces has become a good thing, which has increased the number of aspiring designers. But the ease that now exists in publishing types online has led to the disappearance of the quality filter. These observations are more evident in non-Latin types such as Persian type where the lack of extensive and available resources and clear design paths has become a big obstacle for Persian type designers. The purpose of this research is to define and explain the model and framework to ensure the correct selection of types that are used in book publishing. To achieve this goal, considering the main mission of typing, which is to transmit information in the fastest and most readable way, the question of "what factors can be considered as the main factors to distinguish text type from other types?" can be considered as the main question. In order to answer this question, other questions such as: Why are only a limited number of Persian types used in the books? What are the characteristics of these types and why publishers do not use new types? will also be answered.
It seems that by presenting this research, it is possible to take a step forward in the direction of defining an available and developable coherent pattern or standard in order to optimize all the Persian types of the text of the books. The research method in this study is qualitative, descriptive-analytical in terms of its fundamental nature and in terms of its method. The primary data was obtained by a combined method and through the library method and referring to electronic and digital sources.  Data collection is desk-based and the sampling method is theoretical. All the obtained data were finally measured on a test population consisting of 30 employees of Iranian newspaper.
The results, which were obtained with the help of t-test, show that among the effective factors in the readability of a text that type designers have emphasized, only reducing the distance between letters and words in a text makes a significant difference in the audience's eye fatigue. Eye fatigue over time makes the audience stop reading and the reading process remains incomplete.
 
 

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

افضل طوسی، عفت السادات، انصاریان، صالح. (1395). ارتباط شخصیت‌سازی در طراحی حروف و ویژگی‌های نوشتاری و زیباشناسانه. مبانی هنرهای تجسمی، شماره 2، صص 71-82.
https://doi.org/10.22051/JTPVA.2017.3972
الرفاهی، بلال عبدالوهاب. (1410). الخط العربی تاریخه و حاضره. داربن کثیر. دمشق-بیروت.
الکس دابلیو، وایت. (1389). تاملی در طراحی حروف:ایدئولوژی کاربردی در تایپو گرافی (ترجمه عاطفه متقی). فرهنگسرای میردشتی. الهی، صالح و چارئی، عبدارضا (1391). آسیب‌شناسی نظام فاصله‌گذاری در تایپ‌های فارسی، نشریه هنرهای زیبا-هنرهای تجسمی، دوره 18، شماره 2، صص 75-86.
https://doi.org/ 10.22059/JFAVA.2013.36380
راستانی، بهروز. (1392). یک راز پیچیده- مروری بر فرایند خواندن. نشریه رشد معلم، شماره2، ص 42.
رینر، کیت و الکساندر پولاچک (1378). روان‌شناسی خواندن (ترجمه نجم الدین کیوانی). مرکز نشر دانشگاهی.
زاهدی، حسین (1386). درباره فونت (فضای مثبت و منفی)، گرافیک و چاپ، شماره 3، صص 14-17.
زمانی، محمدعلی، اسکوئی‌زاده، رضا، و طباطبایی قمشه، فرهاد. (1393). مطالعه ارگونومیک پارامترهای تایپوگرافی در قلم‌های نوشتار فارسی. فصلنامه انجمن ارگونومی و مهندسی عوامل انسانی ایران، دوره 2، شماره 2، صص 20-28.
http://journal.iehfs.ir/article-1-83-fa.html
سامانی، حسین، مرادی، علیرضا و مقدسین، مریم (1398). مقایسه‌ی آستانه‌ی مطلق خوانایی ده فونت پرکاربرد فارسی در خواندن به شیوه‌‌ی بازنمایی سریع و متوالی محرک دیداری. فصلنامه روان‌شناختی، دوره 7، شماره 2، صص 97-110.
https://doi.org/ 20.1001.1.23455780.1398.7.2.5.5
صالحی، سودابه، صالحی کاخکی، احمد، و درویشی، محمد. (1397). چالش‌های فرهنگی کمبود قلم‌های فارسی مناسب در ایران. مطالعات فرهنگ-ارتباطات، دوره نوزدهم، شماره چهل و دوم، صص 165-189.
https://doi.org/10.22083/jccs.2018.118225.2364
فضائلی، حبیبالله (1387). تعلیم خط، سروش، چاپ دهم.
قلیچ‌خانی، حمیدرضا (1388). فرهنگ واژگان و اصطلاحات خوشنویسی و هنرهای وابسته، روزنه، چاپ دوم.
مثقالی، فرشید (1390). تایپوگرافی. موسسه فرهنگی پژوهشی چاپ و نشر نظر.
هاشمی نژاد، علیرضا (1399). فراز و فرود نسخ نویسی در ایران، مرکز طبع و نشر قرآن کریم.
Beier, S., & Oderkerk, C.A.T. (2021). High letter stroke contrast impairs letter recognition of bold fonts. Applied Ergonomics, No97, pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103499
Cassin, B. & Solomon, S. (1990). Dictionary of Eye Terminology. Gainesville, Florida: Triad Publishing Company. Gegenfurtner, K. R. (2016). "The interaction between vision and eye movements". Perception. 45 (12): 1333–1357. doi:10.1177/0301006616657097. PMID 27383394
Legge. G., & Bigelow. Ch. A. (2011). Does print size matter for reading? A review of findings from vision science and typography. Journal of Vision, 11,5, pp.1-22.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1167/11.5.8
Minakata, K., & Beier, S. (2021). The effect of font width on eye movements during reading. Applied Ergonomics, No10, pp.1-8.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103523
Mohammadi,A., Shariar, T., & Malaki, S. (2019). A Comparative Study of the Rules and Objectives of Typeface in the Nastaliq, Design Principle & Practices, 4(13), pp 1-21.
DOI:10.18848/2325-1581/CGP/v13i04/1-21
Rumptz, D. (2003). TheoreTical Model of Reading Ability. Northern Marianas college. In: http:// David rumptz. webs.com/ modelofreading.htm.
Journal of Fine Arts: Visual Arts
Volume 28, Issue 4
June 2024
Pages 91-102

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics