Analysis and Reading of Artworks based on Ibn Haytham's Theory of Beauty Perception (Case Study: The Stary Night)

 
Since Ibn Haytham's theory of aesthetic perception pays attention the necessary qualities and visual structure in a work of art, and can be accepted as a model for analyzing and reading works of art, it is necessary to consider the potential aspects of his theories in the field of aesthetics And the visual structure to be researched and put into action. The present study uses a descriptive-analytical method to study the process of aesthetic perception that is formed by understanding the perticular properties in The power to Distinguish (The inner senses). Thus, the three perceptual faculties that Ibn Haytham refers to as the stages of perceiving detailed meanings were scientifically explored. The purpose of this study is to explain the structural patterns hidden in Ibn Haytham's theory of aesthetic perception and to examine the works of art by the explained patterns. Findings indicate that the "Cognition Percepotion" according to a priori information, it is possible to classify information into "species" and "individual"; Thus, from the syntagmatic of some the perticular properties that create a qualitative-visual structure, they form a similar generalities group of the perticular properties, and are known in one species; As a result, it can be used as a model for analyzing the visual structure of works of art. Finally, a work by Van Gogh is analyzed and read using the explained patterns.
In other word, The present paper seeks to makes a model, based on Ibn Haytham's theory of aesthetic perception, for the analysis and reading of works of art. Bu'ali Muhammad Ibn Hasan Ibn Haytham Basri, is the most prominent figure in the field of physics of light in the fourth and fifth centuries AH / tenth century AD. His greatest work is the book Al-Manazar, which has been written in seven articles on Optics and has been translated into various languages. In this book, Ibn Haytham, while explaining how the visual process works, also explains the reasons for perceiving the beauty of objects. According to Abdul Hamid Sabra, the discussion of how Ibn Haytham's perceptual beauty is perceived is the longest discussion of visual beauty in Arabic from a purely aesthetic point of view. The importance of Ibn Haytham's theory of Beauty perception is due to the presentation of an accurate and scientific discussion that combines objectivity and subjectivity.  The present paper will answer the following questions: 1- How do the perticular properties in Ibn Haytham's theory of aesthetic perception become structural patterns? 2- How can works of art be examined based on Ibn Haytham's theory of aesthetic perception? following the answer, we first describe and examine the twenty-two the perticular properties and the process of their perception in the same way as in the book of Al-Manazar. Then, after identifying the characteristics, function and role of The power to Distinguish in the perception of beauty, we try to find qualitative-visual structures and similar generalities in the  the perticular properties, with the help of "Cognition Percepotion" that the power to classify information as "species" (commonalities in a group) and "individual" (different details in a group).